Eras of Computing

Tabulating Era → Programmable Computers → Cognitive Computer System Era

1) Tabulating Era (3000 BCE - 1940s CE)

started w idea of storing and altering data simple calculations examples - abacus, difference engine, tabulating machine

(tabulating machine - electro mechanical machine designed to summarize info stored on punched cards)

2) Programmable Era (1950s CE onwards)

computers could do complicated commands - established a language for them - machine code (binary) - could be expressed through physical hardware More programming languages

3) Cognitive Era

(2010 → the transition began; still not there)

Allows machines to execute instructions based on learning from large datasets instead of preprogrammed instructions infinite computing = future of computing uses cloud computing aka computing as a service