Does presence of others affect our performance?
Social Loafing
when we are in a group, your performance level goes down contribution reduces when in group
sorta more people dilute
reduction in motivation and effort when in a group found in groups where additive tasks; all members’ work is seen cumulatively; (the whole group contributes towards one thing or they share the same task) inequal distribution of effort
Ways to Reduce:
- Delegate tasks, clearly defined roles, division of labour
- Present the task to the right person; based on their interests, their specializations, etc
- Accountability
- Prior information about all this should be provided
- increase the importance of the task (by placing values)
- Increase group members involvement either by pressure or motivation; morale
- Set standards that they have to meet; helps them compare; criteria helps more than an abstraction, reference
Social Facilitiation
when people are present, performance is increased.
Drive Theory of Social Facilitiation
cockroach experiment dominant responses → will be better recessive responses → will be worse
Zajonc (?) Albert Bandura
cockroach experiment - they had to go through a maze cockroaches watched by other did better than cockroaches who weren’t watched by
tokyo olympics (??) women performed better than usual in absence of men performed worse in absence
hawkthorne effect